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Modern iron gall inks, for example, have a two-stage structure.
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Iron gall ink is considered particularly durable and is still used today as a document-proof ink.Ĭicero first reported a recipe in which the ink bladders of squid were dried and ground. When in use, the ink stick was rubbed with water until the desired opacity was achieved, a method that has survived in calligraphy to this day.Īn important invention in the 3rd century BC was the production of iron gall ink by boiling gall apples with iron sulfate and then adding gum water. This was made from the soot of burnt coniferous charcoal and lamp oil and, mixed with a glue made from gelatin, pressed into sticks and dried. Ordinary black ink was made from soot and gum water (gummi arabicum) for a long time and was not replaced by India ink (so-called Indian ink) until around 1000 BC in the Far East. Ink was used in Egypt as early as 3000 BC, and in China around 2600 BC. These are a lot more UV and water resistant, but not quite as high quality in the frabbrillanz. The development is slowly moving from dye to pigment inks. Ink is a mixture of water, glycols, alcohols of various additives to achieve the necessary physical values and dye or pigments for the desired color. Inkjet ink is a special form of ink that is characterized by a very strong color and often contains a binder. Ink usually consists of a solution or dispersions of dyes in water or other solvents containing little or no binder. In addition to manual application in writing, calligraphy and drawing, automated inkjet processes are also of increasing importance in word processing or product labeling. Ink (Latin: tincta = colored water) is an intensively colored liquid for use in quills, brushes or fountain pens.